NASA Goddard2015.5.6---2040年大臭氧层空洞时代结束

NASA Goddard2015.5.6---2040年大臭氧层空洞时代结束
發佈日期：2015年5月6日
The next three decades will see an end of the era of big ozone holes. In a new study, scientists from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 12 million square miles by the year 2040.
Ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere cause an ozone hole to form over Antarctica during the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and chemical levels have been declining. However, the ozone hole has still remained bigger than 12 million square miles since the early 1990s, with exact sizes varying from year to year.
The size of the ozone hole varies due to both temperature and levels of ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere. In order to get a more accurate picture of the future size of the ozone hole, scientists used NASA’s AURA satellite to determine how much the levels of these chemicals in the atmosphere varied each year. With this new knowledge, scientists can confidently say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 12 million square miles by the year 2040. Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery by the end of the century.
Research: Inorganic chlorine variability in the Antarctic vortex and implications for ozone recovery.
Journal: Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, December 18, 2014.
未来三十年将看到大臭氧层空洞时代的结束。在新的研究中，来自美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的科学家说，臭氧空洞将持续小于12万平方英里的2040年。
消耗臭氧的化学物质在大气中造成臭氧洞形成南极上空在冬季在南半球。自1987年蒙特利尔议定书的协议，排放量得到调节和化学一直在下降。然而，臭氧空洞仍然存在较大的超过1200万平方英里自20世纪90年代初，随着精确的尺寸变化每年。
臭氧洞的大小各不相同，由于温度和消耗臭氧的化学物质在大气中的含量。为了得到臭氧洞的未来规模更准确的图片，科学家利用美国宇航局的卫星AURA多少来确定这些化学物质在大气中的含量每年变化。有了这个新的知识，科学家们可以自信地说，臭氧空洞将持续小于12万平方英里的2040年科学家们将继续利用卫星监测臭氧空洞的恢复，他们希望在看到它的全面复苏本世纪的末端。
研究：无机氯变异南极涡和影响臭氧层恢复的。
期刊：地球物理研究：大气，2014年12月18日。