ARIRANG NEWS2016.1.28---第四次產業革命和未來職位

ARIRANG NEWS2016.1.28---第四次產業革命和未來職位
發佈日期：2016年1月28日
4차 산업혁명 - 미래일자리
As evidenced by drastic developments in AI... change is underway.
"A perfect storm of business model change in all industries, resulting in major disruptions to labor markets." That is what's expected in the near future... according to the World Economic Forum's report on the future of jobs. How so and what needs to be done to better prepare ourselves for this rapid change? Our News Feature tonight... with Kwon Jang-ho.
"SIRI, remind me to pick up my dry cleaning after work today. SIRI can be a useful tool, though it's not really ready to replace the role of a human personal assistant yet. But that's where the technology is heading."
At the World Economic Forum in Davos last week, Stuart Russell, a leading expert in computer science, suggested that in the future, artificial intelligence would become the ideal personal assistant, perform better than humans, and be available to all.
"We're talking about a system which is there on your shoulder and can provide advice, and can help you navigate the complicated world."
But perhaps that future is already here. A study last year found that between 2001 and 2013, personal assistant jobs in the U.K. had fallen by 45-percent. Other occupations such as library assistants and travel agents also saw huge declines. The report concluded that the losses were mainly among jobs where productivity had been greatly improved by technology.
"Jobs which are standardized, repetitive, and involve patterns, are jobs that will be taken over by artificial intelligence and robots. For instance, in the U.S., 75-percent of Wall Street trading is being made by computers. Even in journalism, sports and finance news reports can be produced by AI autonomously."
Researchers at the University of Oxford in 2013 said that 47-percent of jobs in the U.S. could potentially be done solely by machines within 10-20 years. The study also said that any job that involves little social intelligence, creativity, and perception is at risk. Further studies showed that Korea is at a higher risk of losing jobs, as it has been estimated that 63-percent of the country's workforce could be computerized.
"Our research found that it is a very risky situation, far more so than that in the U.S. and other developed countries. The reason is because the ratio of Korean jobs that involve simple manual skills or office administration work is higher than other places."
But the research paper offers hope in that new fields will open up, especially in IT and software development. The social business networking site LinkedIn put together a list of the top 10 job-titles that barely existed before 2008. 8 out of 10 were from digital industries, with IOS and Android software developers coming out on top.
Academics and business leaders agree that the changing nature of the job market in general cannot be stopped and that the next task in hand is for society to adapt to such changes.
"Those already working will need to go through a re-education. Moreover, they need to study new fields in order to survive, and for that, universities and the government need to provide related courses or financial support."
"I think re-training is the responsibility for the corporation. If we know the future, and I think we are almost crystal clear that we know the future, that's what we're talking about, then we have to start retraining the people. And also we have to work with the government to really create the future talent to be more adaptive to the future trend."
"The fourth industrial revolution is coming. It should make life a little easier, better, more productive. But for some of us, that might not happen if jobs and our livelihoods become collateral damage. To prepare for it, more steps need to be taken by governments, businesses and, of course, ourselves. Kwon Jang-Ho, Arirang News."
发布日期：2016年年1月28日
4차산업혁명 - 미래일자리
就证明了人工智能急剧发展...变化正在发生。
“一场完美风暴在各个行业的商业模式变化，造成重大破坏劳动力市场。”这就是在不久的将来有望...根据世界经济论坛上作业的未来报告。 怎么会这样，什么需要做，以更好地准备自己的这种快速的变化？ 我们的新闻特写......今晚与权张豪。
“SIRI，提醒我今天下班后去接我的干洗。 SIRI是一个有用的工具，但它不是真的准备好代替人的个人助理的角色呢。但是，这其中，技术发展方向。“
在世界经济论坛在达沃斯上周，斯图尔特罗素，在计算机科学的权威专家，建议，在未来，人工智能将成为理想的个人助理，比人类更好的表现，并提供给所有。
“我们谈论的是一个系统，是有你的肩膀上，并可以提供咨询，并且可以帮助您浏览复杂的世界。”
但也许，未来已经在这里。 去年的一项研究发现，2001年至2013年间，英国私人助理的工作已经下降了45个百分点。 其他职业，如图书馆助理和旅行社也看到了巨大的跌幅。 该报告的结论是，损失主要发生在那里的工作效率已经通过技术有了很大的提高。
“乔布斯这是标准化的，重复性的，涉及的图案，都将被接管人工智能和机器人的工作。例如，在美国，正在由电脑75％的华尔街交易。即使是在新闻，体育和金融新闻报道可以通过AI生产自主。“
研究人员在牛津大学在2013年大学表示，在美国47％的就业机会可能完全由机内的10至20年完成。 该研究还称，涉及的小社会智力，创造力和感觉的任何工作正处于危险之中。 进一步的研究表明，韩国是在失去工作的风险较高，因为据估计，63％的国家的劳动力可以计算机化。
“我们的研究发现，这是一个非常危险的情况，远远远远超过了美国和其他发达国家，原因是因为这涉及到简单的手工技能或办公室管理工作的韩国工作的比例高于其他地方。”
但研究报告提供了希望在新的领域将开放，尤其是在IT和软件开发。 社交商务社交网站LinkedIn放在一起的十大职位，职称2008年之前几乎不存在的列表。 8出10人来自数字产业，iOS和Android的软件开发出来之上。
学者和商界领袖都认为，就业市场的总体变化的性质不能停止，而且手头的下一个任务是为社会适应这种变化。
“那些已经工作将需要经过一个再教育。此外，他们还需要研究新的领域，为了生存，为此，大学和政府需要提供相关的课程或资金支持。”
“我认为再培训是该公司的责任。如果我们知道未来，我认为，我们几乎是毋庸置疑的，我们知道未来，这就是我们正在谈论的，那么我们要开始再培训的人。同时，我们与政府合作，真正创造未来的人才更适应未来发展的趋势。“
“第四次工业革命即将到来。它应该让生活变得更轻松，更好，更富有成效。但对某些人来说，这可能不会发生，如果工作和我们的生活都受到了损害。为了准备它，更多的步骤需采取政府，企业，当然，我们自己。 权张豪，阿里郎新闻。“