Joseph Juran, 1904-2008: A Life of Quality Control

Joseph Juran, 1904-2008: A Life of Quality Control
22 May 2008

This is the VOA Special English Economics Report.

Recently the business world lost a leader in quality control. Joseph Juran died at the age of one hundred and three. He developed ideas that are still important today to improving the quality of products.


Joseph Juran was born in Braila, Romania. His family came to the United States in nineteen twelve when he was eight. They settled in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
He studied electrical engineering at the University of Minnesota. He was also the school champion at the game of chess. After college, the Western Electric Company put him to work on mathematical methods of quality control.

He became interested in the idea he termed "vital few and trivial many." This idea is popularly known as the "eighty-twenty rule." It could mean, for example, that eighty percent of manufacturing problems result from twenty percent of the causes.

He named it the "Pareto principle," for the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto. A century ago, Pareto observed that eighty percent of the wealth in Italy went to twenty percent of the population.

But Joseph Juran came to recognize that he had misnamed this principle. He knew that unequal distribution had long been observed in other areas, not just wealth. Yet he gave Pareto credit for identifying it as "universal" when, it seemed, he could have taken the credit himself. He could have called it, he said, the Juran principle.

In nineteen fifty-one, he published his "Quality Control Handbook." This influential book especially interested the Japanese. He was invited to teach in Japan, and he advised some of its largest companies. The Japanese also had help from another American, William Edwards Deming. The two experts helped Japan became a world leader in quality control.

In nineteen sixty-four Joseph Juran published "Managerial Breakthrough." This book formed the basis of several other strategies to reduce manufacturing mistakes and cut waste. Among them are the methods known as Six Sigma and lean management.

In nineteen seventy-nine, Joseph Juran established the Juran Institute in Connecticut. It works with organizations that want to improve quality. But the main purpose of the institute, he said, is to improve society.

Joseph Juran died on February twenty-eighth in Rye, New York. That was where he lived with Sadie Juran, his wife of eighty-one years.

And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.

----------------------------Google Translate

约瑟夫朱兰， 1904年至2008年：生活的质量控制
2008年5月22日

这是美国之音特别英语经济学报告。

最近商业世界失去了一位领导人的质量控制。约瑟夫朱兰死在年龄103 。他的想法仍然是重要的今天，提高产品质量。

约瑟夫朱兰出生在布勒伊拉，罗马尼亚。他的家人来到美国，在1912年当他8 。他们定居在明尼阿波利斯，明尼苏达州。
他研究了电气工程，在明尼苏达大学。他亦是学校的冠军，在盘棋。之后，学院，西部电力公司把他的工作对数学方法的质量控制。

他成为有兴趣的想法，他称之为“重要的少数和琐碎的许多” 。这个想法是通称的“ 80 - 20法则” 。这可能意味着，例如， 80 ％的制造业的问题，结果从20 ％的原因。

他命名为“帕累托原则” ，为意大利经济学家维尔弗雷多帕累托。一个世纪前，帕累托指出， 80 ％的财富在意大利到20 ％的人口。

但约瑟夫朱兰来承认，他曾命名有误这个原则。他知道，分配不均，长期以来一直观察到在其他领域，不只是财富。然而，他给帕累托信贷查明它作为“普及”时，似乎，他可能采取的信贷自己。他可以有所谓，他说，朱兰的原则。

在1951年，他发表了他的“质量控制手册” 。这有影响力的书籍特别感兴趣，日本。他应邀在日本，教导，和他提醒它的一些最大的公司。日本也有利于从另一个美国，威廉爱德华兹戴明。两位专家，帮助日本成为一个世界领先的质量控制。

在1964年约瑟夫朱兰出版了“管理突破” 。这本书的基础上，形成了若干其他战略，以减少制造失误和减少浪费。其中有方法称为六西格玛和精益管理。

在1979年，约瑟夫朱兰成立了朱兰研究院在康涅狄格州。它与组织，要提高质量。但主要的目的，该学院，他说，是要改善社会。

约瑟夫朱兰死亡，于二月20 -第八在黑麦，新的纽约。这是他在生活与莎迪朱兰，他的妻子的八十一年。

这是该美国之音特别英语经济学的报告，书面，由马里奥里特尔。我史蒂夫ember 。