Newsy2011.6.6---皮肤癌新药

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Newsy2011.6.6---皮肤癌新药
Studies: New Drugs Boost Skin Cancer Survival
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New drugs are inspiring hope in the thousands living with the deadliest form of skin cancer-- melanoma. Scientists revealed two drugs at the annual American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting, marking the first real breakthroughs in more than 30 years in the fight against advanced skin cancer.
CBS News explains vemurafenib, the Roche and Daiichi drug that’s garnering so much attention.
“Until now, with a survival rate of just 15 percent, a diagnosis of advanced melanoma amounted to a death sentence. This drug showed a 63 percent reduction in the death rate after three months. Unlike chemo, which attacks healthy and unhealthy cells, this drug works by targeting only a genetic mutation called BRAF which may help the disease grow.”
Results are promising. Business Week reports a trial was so successful, those receiving the placebo were given the new drug as well.
“An experimental drug, vemurafenib helped so much that people getting a comparison drug were allowed to switch after just a few months.”
A second drug called Yervoy comes from Bristol-Myers and was FDA-approved in March. The Telegraph says it works very differently than the other.
“... [it] is a type of immunotherapy that aims to ‘teach’ the immune system how to tackle melanomas and may offer the best hope of a total ‘cure’.”
Though Yervoy’s results showed only a two-month survival benefit, down from last year’s study placing that number around 3 and a half, The Wall Street Journal says Bristol-Myers’ head of oncology development is still pleased with the drug’s performance.
“‘We aren't in any way disappointed with the results,’ he said in an interview. Mr. Giordano said the reason for the difference in the two trials isn't known. He noted that some researchers have speculated that the difference in the survival results could be influenced by the accompanying chemotherapy regimen or differences in the patient population.”
On CNN, Dr. Otis Brawley of the American Cancer Society explains how DNA testing could spur a new breed of cancer drugs.
“We’re talking about marginal extensions in life. But the important thing is, in melanoma we haven’t had a drug that really worked or a drug that really helped us improve our treatment for 30 years. This is exciting, because we've got really a foot in the door, and hopefully we can actually develop better drugs for melanoma.”
Vemurafenib is expected to be approved and on the market by the end of this year-- what experts call warp speed for the world of medicine.
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Transcript by Newsy

研究：皮肤癌新药升压生存
你看从Newsy多源健康新闻分析。
新药是在与皮肤癌致命的形式生活数千看到希望 - 黑色素瘤。科学家们透露，在一年一度的美国临床肿瘤学会会议上两种药物，这标志着在超过30年的被先进的皮肤癌斗争年第一次真正的突破。
哥伦比亚广播公司新闻解释vemurafenib，罗氏公司和第一制药药物的赢得如此多的关注。
“直到现在，一个只有百分之十五的存活率，一批先进的黑色素瘤的诊断无异于死刑。此药显示，63后的死亡率减少百分之三个月。不同于化疗，其中攻击健康和不健康的细胞，这种药物的作品。通过仅针对一个名为BRAF的遗传变异可能有助于疾病的成长“
结果是有希望的。商业周刊报导的审判是如此成功，那些接受安​​慰剂被赋予新的药物以及。
“一种实验性药物，vemurafenib帮助这么多，人们得到一个比较药物被允许交换机经过短短几个月的时间。”
第二个药物称为Yervoy从布里斯托尔迈尔斯来了，是美国FDA三月批准。电讯报说，作品非常不同于其他。
“... [它]是一个类型的免疫疗法，其目的是'教'的免疫系统如何处理黑色素瘤，并可能提供总共'治疗'最好的希望。“
虽然Yervoy的结果显示，只有两个月的生存受益，低于去年的研究，大约放置3号半，华尔街日报说，布里斯托尔迈尔斯的头部肿瘤学的发展仍对该药物的表现感到满意。
“'我们正在与结果感到失望任何方式，'他在接受采访时说。佐丹奴先生表示，在这两个试验差异的原因目前尚不清楚。他指出，有些研究人员推测，在生存结果之间的差异可以通过附带的化疗疗程，或是在患者群中差别的影响。“
美国有线电视新闻网，奥的斯布劳利博士在美国癌症协会介绍如何DNA测试可能引发的癌症药物的新品种。
“我们正在谈论生活中的边缘扩展。但重要的是，在黑色素瘤我们还没有真正有效的药物或药物，真正帮助我们改进我们的治疗了30年。这是令人激动，因为我们已经有了一个真正的在门脚下，希望我们能够实际开发更好的药物为黑色素瘤。“
Vemurafenib预计将批准并在今年年底投放市场 - 什么专家呼吁医学界经速度。
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