Derek Siver談不要把自己的目標告訴他人

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講者：Derek Sivers
2010年7月演講，2010年9月在TEDGlobal上線
MyOOPS開放式課程
翻譯：陳盈
簡體編輯：洪曉慧
簡繁轉換：劉契良
後制：陳盈
字幕影片後制：謝旻均
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Derek Siver談不要把自己的目標告訴他人
大家請想想自己最大的個人目標，認真的，你們可以想想，體會一下，用幾秒鐘想想你個人最大的目標，OK？想像現在就決定，要實現這個目標，想像對一個今天你遇到的人說你要做的事，想像他們的祝賀以及對你的崇拜。大聲說出你的目標不是很好嗎？你不覺得已經又進了一步，就像它已經成為了你身份的一部分嗎？
有個壞消息：你們不應該說出來。因為那種好的感覺，讓你實現目標的可能性下降。重複的心理測驗證明，把目標告訴他人會使目標較難實現。你有目標的時候，就要完成一些步驟，要做一些工作，目的是實現目標。理想來說，你要完成這些工作才能滿意。但當你把目標告訴他人，他們認同了這個目標，心理學家把這稱為一種「社會現實」。就有一種假像感覺，覺得事情已經完成了，因為你已經感覺到滿足，就沒有那麼強烈的動機去努力完成必須的實際工作。所以這和傳統智慧相悖。傳統是讓我們把目標告訴其他人，是嗎？這樣他們會支援我們實現目標。
我們來看看證據。1926年，社會心理學創始人Kurt Lewin把這叫做「替代」。1933年，Wera Mahler發現，當其他人認可你的目標時，你會覺得已經實現了。1982年，Peter Gollwitzer寫了一本以此為主題的書。2009年，他做了些新實驗並發表了。
那些實驗是163人參加4個獨立的實驗，每人寫下個人目標，然後一半人把目標向大家宣佈，一半人則不。然後每人有45分鐘進行能直接實現目標的工作，但他們可以隨時停下來。那些沒有說出目標的人，平均來看在整段45分鐘都用於工作。之後問他們，他們說覺得離目標還有一段很長的路。但那些說出了目標的人，平均來看，僅在33分鐘時就停下來。之後問他們，他們說覺得離目標近了很多。
所以，如果這屬實，我們能怎麼做呢？你可以拒絕說出目標的誘惑，你可以推遲
社會認同帶來的滿足。你可以理解大腦把說當成做了。但如果你確實需要說點什麼
你可通過沒有獲得滿足感的方式說出來。例如：「我確實想跑馬拉松，所以每週要訓練5次，如果我未做到就再我自我鞭策，OK！」
在座各位，下次當你想跟其他人說你的目標時會說什麼？就是這樣，做得很好。
（掌聲）
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以下為系統擷取之英文原文
About this talk
After hitting on a brilliant new life plan, our first instinct is to tell someone, but Derek Sivers says it's better to keep goals secret. He presents research stretching as far back as the 1920s to show why people who talk about their ambitions may be less likely to achieve them.

About Derek Sivers

Through his new project, MuckWork, Derek Sivers wants to lessen the burdens (and boredom) of creative people. Full bio and more links

Transcript

Everyone, please think of your biggest personal goal. For real. You can take a second. You've got to feel this to learn it. Take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal, okay? Imagine deciding right now that you're going to do it. Imagine telling someone that you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already, like it's already becoming part of your identity?

Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling, now will make you less likely to do it. Repeated psychology tests have proven that telling someone your goal makes it less likely to happen. Any time you have a goal, there are some steps that need to be done, some work that needs to be done in order to achieve it. Ideally, you should not be satisfied until you had actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal, and they acknowledge it, psychologists have found that it's called a social reality. The mind is kind of tricked into feeling that it's already done. And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual hard work necessary. So this goes against the conventional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right? -- so they hold us to it, yeah.

So, let's look at the proof. 1926, Kurt Lewin, founder of social psychology, called this "substitution." 1933, Vera Mahler found, when it was acknowledged by others, it felt real in the mind. 1982, Peter Gollwitzer wrote a whole book about this, and in 2009, he did some new tests that were published.

It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests -- everyone wrote down their personal goal. Half of them announced their commitment to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Now, those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes, on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt that they had a long way to go still to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes, on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

So, if this is true, what can we do? Well, you could resist the temptation to announce your goal. You can delay the gratification that the social acknowledgement brings. And you can understand that your mind mistakes the talking for the doing. But if you do need to talk about something, you can state it in a way that gives you no satisfaction, such as, "I really want to run this marathon, so I need to train five times a week, and kick my ass if I don't, okay?"

So audience, next time you're tempted to tell someone your goal, what will you say? Exactly. Well done.

(Applause)